Campanile
A free-standing structure, the Campanile is the bell
tower for the Duomo. At 279
feet, its tower is just 19 feet lower than Brunelleschi's dome. The
photo to the left shows the entire
Campanile, and was shot from the Duomo. Giotto was
involved in the original design of the tower, but only the base was
completed when he died in 1337; Andrea Pisano completed the second
story, and the tower was finished by Francesco Talenti. The outer
surface is decorated with the same finish as the
Duomo--white marble from Carrara, green marble from Prato, and pink
marble from the marshland area of southern Tuscany. The design of the
Campanile is complex and inextricably linked to Scholasticism. The
reliefs at the very bottom (visible in the full-size version of the
photo to the lower left) show the Creation of Man and the Arts and
Industries (weaving, hunting, and navigation). On the north face the
five Liberal Arts (grammar, philosophy, music, mathematics and
astronomy) are displayed, while the upper tier of reliefs illustrate the Seven
Planets, the Seven Virtues, and the Seven Sacrements.
The first two sets of reliefs have been attributed
to Luca della Robbia, while the Seven Sacraments have been attributed
to Alberto Arnoldi. Like the doors of the
Battistero, most of the
original reliefs have been sheltered from the elements in the nearby Museo
dell'Opera del Duomo.